2015年4月9日讯 /生物谷BIOON/ –近日,来自韩国的科学家在国际学术期刊cell reports在线发表了他们的最新研究进展,他们发现Hippo肿瘤抑制途径下游一直作为转录共激活因子的YAP和YAZ,也能够通过与具有TEA结构域的转录因子相互作用发挥转录共抑制因子活性,促进肿瘤进展。
YAP和TAZ是位于Hippo肿瘤抑制途径下游的具有癌基因功能的转录共激活因子,在正常的上皮细胞中过表达YAP/TAZ能够诱导细胞发生转化,产生肿瘤干细胞特征。同时YAP/TAZ过表达能够促进组织内干细胞或祖细胞的高度增殖,导致多个上皮组织内癌症的发生。由于YAP/TAZ对于肿瘤发生非常重要,许多研究都致力于寻找能够被YAP/TAZ上调的基因,但是YAP和TAZ是否具有转录共抑制因子活性一直未有研究。
在这项研究中,研究人员证明YAP/TAZ能够作为转录共抑制因子抑制许多基因的表达,其中包括具有肿瘤抑制功能的基因如DDIT4(DNA damage-inducible transcript4)和Trail(TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand)。从机制上来讲,YAP/TAZ的转录抑制因子功能需要具有TEA结构域的转录因子的共同作用。YAP/TAZ-TEAD复合物能够招募NuRD复合物对组蛋白进行去乙酰化,改变目标基因位置的核小体结构。从功能上来讲,通过YAP/TAZ对DDIT4和Trail进行抑制对于mTOC1的激活和细胞存活都是非常必要的。
这项研究表明YAP/TAZ除了具有转录共激活因子活性,也可作为转录共抑制因子发挥作用,为进一步理解Hippo途径开辟了一条新的道路。(基因宝jiyinbao.com)
Transcriptional Co-repressor Function of the Hippo Pathway Transducers YAP and TAZ
Minchul Kim1, , , Taekhoon Kim1, Randy L. Johnson2, Dae-Sik Lim1
YAP (yes-associated protein) and TAZ are oncogenic transcriptional co-activators downstream of the Hippo tumor-suppressor pathway. However, whether YAP and/or TAZ (YAP/TAZ) engage in transcriptional co-repression remains relatively unexplored. Here, we directly demonstrated that YAP/TAZ represses numerous target genes, including tumor-suppressor genes such as DDIT4 (DNA-damage-inducible transcript 4) andTrail (TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand). Mechanistically, the repressor function of YAP/TAZ requires TEAD (TEA domain) transcription factors. A YAP/TAZ-TEAD complex recruits the NuRD complex to deacetylate histones and alters nucleosome occupancy at target genes. Functionally, repression of DDIT4 and Trail by YAP/TAZ is required for mTORC1 (mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1) activation and cell survival, respectively. Our demonstration of the transcriptional co-repressor activity of YAP/TAZ opens a new avenue for understanding the Hippo signaling pathway.