2015年4月22日讯 /生物谷BIOON/ –近日,来自英国的科学家在国际学术期刊nature communication在线发表了他们的一项最新研究成果,他们发现脂肪含量与肥胖相关基因(FTO)能够通过调节脂肪前体细胞的有丝分裂克隆扩增,影响脂肪生成,而这一过程是通过增强促脂肪生成因子RUNX1T1的表达实现的。这项研究揭示了FTO促进肥胖的关键分子机制,具有一定意义。
脂肪含量与肥胖相关基因(FTO)是第一个被发现在常见肥胖中发挥重要作用的基因,其在调节体重和脂肪含量方面具有重要作用,但其中具体的分子机制一直不清楚。
在该研究中,研究人员发现来源于FTO过表达小鼠的原代脂肪细胞和小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞(MEF)表现出脂肪分化增强的趋势,而来自于FTO敲除小鼠的MEF细胞则表现出脂肪生成下降。研究人员根据这些结果进行进一步研究发现高脂饮食喂养的FTO过表达小鼠,其脂肪组织中的成熟脂肪细胞数目更多。
通过对相关机制进行研究,研究人员发现FTO基因能够在有丝分裂克隆扩增时期调节脂肪生成过程中的早期事件影响脂肪生成。FTO对于脂肪生成过程的调节作用是通过增强促脂肪生成因子RUNX1T1的表达实现的,RUNXT1会促进前体脂肪细胞增殖,并在FTO过表达的MEF细胞中表达增加,而在FTO敲除的MEF细胞中表达下降。
这项研究揭示了FTO表达上调导致肥胖的分子机制,或对靶向FTO治疗肥胖的方法和手段具有一定指导意义。(基因宝jiyinbao.com)
FTO influences adipogenesis by regulating mitotic clonal expansion
Myrte Merkestein,Samantha Laber,Fiona McMurray,Daniel Andrew,Gregor Sachse,Jeremy Sanderson,Mengdi Li,Samuel Usher,Dyan Sellayah,Frances M.Ashcroft & Roger D.Cox
The fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene plays a pivotal role in regulating body weight and fat mass; however, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Here we show that primary adipocytes and mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) derived from FTO overexpression (FTO-4) mice exhibit increased potential for adipogenic differentiation, while MEFs derived from FTOknockout (FTO-KO) mice show reduced adipogenesis. As predicted from these findings, fat pads from FTO-4 mice fed a high-fat diet show more numerous adipocytes. FTO influences adipogenesis by regulating events early in adipogenesis, during the process of mitotic clonal expansion. The effect of FTO on adipogenesis appears to be mediated via enhanced expression of the pro-adipogenic short isoform of RUNX1T1, which enhanced adipocyte proliferation, and is increased inFTO-4 MEFs and reduced in FTO-KO MEFs. Our findings provide novel mechanistic insight into how upregulation of FTO leads to obesity.